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Through the juvenile courts and the adult criminal justice system, the United States incarcerates more of its youth than any other country in the world, a reflection of the larger trends in incarceration practices in the United States. In 2010, approximately 70,800 juveniles were incarcerated in youth detention facilities alone.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie ), data from (【引用サイトリンク】title=Sarah Hockenberry: Juveniles in Residential Placement, 2010 (Juvenile Offenders and Victims: National Report Series, Bulletin, June 2013) ) 〕 Approximately 500,000 youth are brought to detention centers in a given year. This data does not reflect juveniles tried as adults. Around 40% are incarcerated in privatized, for-profit facilities.〔Chris Kirkham (22 October 2013). (Prisoners of Profit: Private Prison Empire Rises Despite Startling Record Of Juvenile Abuse ). ''The Huffington Post.'' Retrieved 24 October 2013.〕 ==The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act== The system that is currently operational in the United States was created under the 1974 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act called for a "deinstitutionalization" of juvenile delinquents. It required that states holding youth within adult prisons for status offenses remove them within a span of two years (this timeframe was adjusted over time). The act also provided program grants to states, based on their youth populations, and created the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). Through reauthorization amendments, additional programs have been added to the original Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The following list highlights a few of these additions: 1977 - Programs were developed to assist children with learning disabilities who entered the juvenile justice system. 1984 - A new missing and exploited children program was added. 1984 - Strong support was given to programs that strengthened families. 1988 - Studies on prison conditions within the Indian justice system. 1990 - The OJJDP began funding child abuse training programs to instruct judicial personnel and prosecutors. 1992 - A juvenile boot camp program was designed to introduce delinquent youth to a lifestyle of structure and discipline. 1992 - A community prevention grants program gave start-up money to communities for local juvenile crime prevention plans. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Youth incarceration in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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